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Apply Now!Home / TEFL Certification / Teach English In Thailand Or Korea / TEFL Course Manila
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PLANNING LESSONS Too much planning can make the lessons rigid and limit the teacherÂ’s flexibility in terms of attending to the needs of the students. However it is not that easy for inexperienced teachers to be as flexible as it would be required. As the teacher is expected to let the students decide what to do in the class, an inexperienced teacher would face great difficulty in being able to conduct a lesson in such away as the teacher would not be prepared to deal with some of the language problems that may arise from such a lesson and lessons, therefore, may well lack direction. Therefore most teachers will find themselves between the two extremes. They will make notes, or complete lesson plan forms, but will build in flexibility. Importance of writing a lesson plan The writing of lesson plans has a number of important functions, these include; 1. Writing a lesson plan is an aid to planning. Having what you expect the students to achieve by the end of the lesson and how you intend to make that possible written down helps you to think logically through the stages in relation to available time. 2. A written lesson plan is a working document. As it helps you to keep on target and gives you something g to refer to during the lesson. 3. A lesson plan acts as a record.
It acts as a record of what the class has done and which materials have been used. a. How should a lesson plan be written down There is no special way in which a lesson plan must be written. Some teachers write formal plans, some jot notes, some log details into class notebooks. Each teacher has to find their own way. If the teacher changes his or her plan during the lesson for whatever reasons, he or she should also make a note of those changes so that he or she will have an accurate record. The following however are the basic principles of lesson planning. 1. The lesson plan must be kept simple as reference to it may be required during the lesson 2. Do not try to script the lesson 3. Structure it and maintain the same structure 4. Write the anticipated time for each activity in the margin 5. Check for balance of skills. Trying to make sure activities fit together to give the lesson a smooth flow. 6. Keep it flexible and open to adaption b. Being organized. This implies that there are things that have to be done before the start of the lesson to ensure that the lesson goes smoothly. They include the following 1. Checking that the teacher has the lesson plan 2. Running through the lesson plan and making sure that the teacher has all the necessary aids and materials
needed, 3. Checking that the equipment works 4. Laying out the materials and aids so that the teacher can easily find them 5. Arranging the seating as desired 6. Making sure that the board is clean 7.Being ready to chat to the students as they come into class as this will help to break the ice with the students and get them into the mood to learn. c. What should be included in the lesson plan. What is included in the lesson plan is very much up to the individual teacher. Many experienced teachers just write a few brief notes on a piece of paper. At the start of the teaching career, a teacher will probably want to structure the plans so that he or she has a clear guide as to what he or she wants to achieve and how he is she is going to do it. However all of the following are recommended for inclusion into the lesson plan. 1. Learner objectives; that is what the teacher expects the students to achieve by the end of the lesson. 2. Personal aims; that is what the teacher him or herself wishes to achieve. It is usually an area of teaching that the teacher would like to improve 3. Context; This shows the theme around which the lesson is based and also how it fits in with the past and planned future lessons. 4. Teaching aids; this refers to the materials and other aids that the teacher
would require in the lesson 5. Anticipated problems for the teacher and the students; It is very important to try to anticipate the problems that the students or the teacher may have with the lesson. Of course the anticipated problems are of no use unless the teacher has thought about the possible solutions for the problems if they arise. 6. Procedure; Refers to the activities used to achieve the learner objectives 7. Phase; Engage, study or activate 8. Timing; it is important to plan how long each activity is going to take 9. Interaction; knowing who will be interacting at each stage of the lesson. Will it be teacher student (T-S), Student-student(S-S) or students working alone? 10. Class level; the level of ability that the class has with the English language 11. Number of students; the teacher may wish to anticipate how many students will attend to make sure that the activities are suitable for the class size. 12. Date/time; this allows the teacher to keep a historical record of what has been done and when it has been done. It could also help the teachers who may teach the same class at a later date. 13. Teachers and observers names; It may be useful if the class is being monitored. d. Planning a sequence of lessons Planning a sequence of lessons is more or less the same as planning
for a single lesson, but there are a number of special issues which must be considered. 1. Flexibility-As changes to plans during lessons will often need to be made. So Continuous update of the plans and modification of the aims will often need to be made. 2. Goals- An experienced teacher will build goals for students into a sequence of lessons. This will give both the teacher and the students something to aim at. 3. Revision-Lesson content needs to be continually reviewed over a sequence of lessons to ensure students retain this information 4. Variety and balance-When planning a sequence of lessons ensure that all skills are included and given equal treatment. The teacher will also need to incorporate a good variety and mix of activities. ", I really liked the example in this unit! They are great! It was really great to see a very detailed lesson plan and helpful so that I know what will be expected of me in the future. I was surprised how some of the activities were so short
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